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Related Concept Videos

Field Application of Global Positioning System01:28

Field Application of Global Positioning System

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become an indispensable tool in fieldwork, offering unparalleled precision and efficiency for surveying, navigation, and infrastructure development. By harnessing signals from a constellation of satellites, GPS receivers determine the location of objects with remarkable speed and accuracy, often completing calculations within a second.Advantages of Modern GPS TechnologyContemporary GPS receivers are designed to meet the practical demands of field...
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Introduction to Global Positioning System01:30

Introduction to Global Positioning System

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) revolutionized positioning on Earth, providing precise location data through satellite ranging. The GPS system was developed in 1978 by the U.S. Department of Defense  for military use, and it became available for civilian applications in 1983, transforming fields including navigation, fleet management, and time synchronization for telecommunications systems.GPS consists of satellites in medium Earth orbit, about 20,200 kilometers above the surface,...
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Errors in Global Positioning System01:26

Errors in Global Positioning System

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Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has revolutionized navigation and positioning, but its accuracy is often compromised by various errors. These errors, stemming from environmental, satellite, and receiver-related factors, require careful mitigation to ensure reliable performance across applications.Atmospheric ErrorsGPS signals travel through the Earth’s ionosphere and troposphere, introducing delays which affect accuracy. The ionosphere is strongly influenced by charged particles,...
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Types of Global Positioning System Surveys01:30

Types of Global Positioning System Surveys

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GPS surveying methods vary in application, accuracy, and data collection techniques, catering to diverse surveying and mapping needs. Static GPS, kinematic GPS, and real-time kinematic (RTK) surveying are widely used. Each technique offers distinct advantages.Static GPS involves placing one receiver at a known reference point and another at the target point. It collects exact positional data by observing multiple satellite ranges over an extended period, achieving centimeter-level accuracy for...
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Azimuths and Bearings01:19

Azimuths and Bearings

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Azimuths and bearings are essential concepts in surveying, providing methods to express the direction of a line relative to a meridian. Azimuths refer to the clockwise angle measured from the north end of a reference meridian to the given line, ranging from zero to 360 degrees. This method gives a comprehensive directional reference within a full 360-degree circle, making it a straightforward way to communicate direction in various fields, including navigation, cartography, and...
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Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device01:30

Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device

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Surveyors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to measure the precise location and elevation of points on Earth. In a recent survey, GPS receivers were used to determine the coordinates and elevations of two park monuments. The process involved careful mission planning, data collection, and correction to ensure accuracy. The survey began with mission planning to identify optimal satellite visibility and minimize Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). A geodetic control point...
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A Beam Steering Vector Tracking GNSS Software-Defined Receiver for Robust Positioning.

Scott Burchfield1, Charles Givhan2, Scott Martin2

  • 1Integrated Solutions for Systems (IS4S), Auburn, AL 36830, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver combining vector tracking loops and beam steering. This advanced GNSS receiver improves positioning and signal tracking in challenging environments.

Keywords:
GNSSantenna arraysrobust navigationsoftware-defined radiosvector tracking

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Area of Science:

  • Navigation Systems
  • Signal Processing
  • Antenna Theory

Background:

  • Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are crucial for dynamic platforms but vulnerable to interference, signal blockage, and multipath effects.
  • Vector tracking loops and controlled reception pattern antennas (CRPAs) offer enhanced resilience in degraded signal conditions.
  • Existing GNSS receivers struggle with performance degradation in dynamic and multipath-rich environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel software-defined radio (SDR) receiver integrating vector tracking loops with a phased antenna array for digital beam steering.
  • To mitigate the adverse effects of signal degradation and multipath interference on GNSS positioning and tracking.
  • To enhance the robustness and continuous operation of GNSS receivers in challenging dynamic scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of algorithms for a software-defined radio (SDR) platform.
  • Integration of vector tracking loops with a phased antenna array for adaptive beam steering.
  • Testing the proposed receiver using live sky data in multipath-rich environments and comparing performance against traditional and commercial receivers.

Main Results:

  • The beam steering receiver demonstrated expected signal amplification.
  • Vector tracking with beam steering significantly outperformed traditional scalar receivers and commercial receivers in positioning and signal tracking accuracy.
  • The proposed receiver maintained continuous measurements in environments where commercial receivers failed to track degraded signals.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of vector tracking loops and digital beam steering offers a robust solution for improving GNSS performance in challenging environments.
  • This integrated approach enhances resilience against interference, multipath, and signal degradation, leading to superior positioning and tracking.
  • The developed SDR receiver provides a significant advancement over conventional GNSS receivers for dynamic platforms operating in adverse conditions.