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Feline vector-borne pathogens in Iran.

Alireza Sazmand1, Mariaelisa Carbonara2, Leili Moradi3

  • 1Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517658978, Iran. alireza.sazmand@basu.ac.ir.

Parasites & Vectors
|April 28, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Feline vector-borne pathogens are prevalent in Iran, with Hepatozoon spp. being most common. This study highlights the need for parasite control measures in cats to reduce disease transmission.

Keywords:
Dirofilaria spp.Hepatozoon spp.Leishmania spp.Domestic felidsOne healthVector-borne pathogens

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Parasitology
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Feline Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Feline vector-borne pathogens (FeVBPs) are prevalent in tropical/subtropical regions.
  • Limited data exists on FeVBP prevalence in cats compared to dogs.
  • Iran's climate supports arthropod vectors, increasing FeVBP risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of FeVBPs in cats across Iran.
  • To identify specific vector-borne pathogens circulating in the feline population.
  • To provide a molecular epidemiological overview of FeVBPs in Iranian cats.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular screening of blood samples from 848 cats across 7 Iranian provinces (December 2018 - February 2023).
  • Testing for Hepatozoon spp., Babesia spp., Cytauxzoon spp., Dirofilaria spp., and Leishmania spp.
  • Cats had outdoor lifestyles, diverse ages, and sexes.

Main Results:

  • Overall, 5.4% of cats tested positive for at least one VBP.
  • Hepatozoon spp. was the most frequent (3.8%), followed by Leishmania spp. (2.5%) and Dirofilaria immitis (0.7%).
  • Specific Hepatozoon species (H. felis, H. canis) and geographic distribution were identified.

Conclusions:

  • This is the first large-scale molecular study on FeVBPs in Iran.
  • The presence of zoonotic VBPs (D. immitis, Leishmania spp.) necessitates control measures.
  • Controlling feral cat populations and implementing parasite control in owned cats is crucial for reducing VBP transmission risk.