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Occupational Therapy Embedded Within Pulmonary Rehabilitation: A Process Evaluation.

Amanda McCowan^1,2, Louise Gustafsson², Michelle Bissett³

¹Gold Coast Hospital and Health Services, Southport, Queensland, Australia.

OTJR : Occupation, Participation and Health

|April 29, 2025

Summary

Occupational therapy in pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) improves patient outcomes by applying multidisciplinary learning to real-life challenges through personalized, occupation-centered interventions, particularly during home visits.

Keywords:

client-centered practice community-based rehabilitation occupational engagement occupational performance

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Area of Science:

Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Occupational Therapy
Health Services Research

Background:

Multidisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programs benefit patients with chronic respiratory conditions.
The specific contributions and impact mechanisms of occupational therapy within these programs require further elucidation.
Strengthening the evidence base for occupational therapy's role is crucial for optimizing PR delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the integration and practice of occupational therapy within an 8-week community-based PR program.
To explore the key mechanisms through which occupational therapy exerts its impact on patients undergoing PR.
To evaluate the effectiveness of individualized, occupation-centered interventions in a PR setting.

Main Methods:

A process evaluation methodology was employed for occupational therapy integrated into an 8-week multidisciplinary PR program.
Data were collected through administrative and medical records, intervention checklists, and semi-structured interviews.
Standardized tools included the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and the Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale.

Main Results:

Home visits and personalized, one-to-one, occupation-centered interventions were identified as primary mechanisms of impact.
Goal-directed training was predominantly conducted in the home environment, facilitating practical application.
Repetitive, occupation-based training enhanced learning and the application of knowledge from various disciplines to everyday activities.

Conclusions:

Individualized occupational therapy significantly assists pulmonary rehabilitation patients in applying learned knowledge to manage real-life challenges.
Occupation-centered interventions, especially in the home setting, are vital for translating multidisciplinary learning into functional improvements.
This study underscores the value of occupational therapy in enhancing the effectiveness of community-based pulmonary rehabilitation programs.