Extracellular vesicles in triple-negative breast cancer: current updates, challenges and future prospects

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Biotechnology
• Nanomedicine

Background:

• Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype lacking ER, PR, and HER2 expression, leading to poorer prognoses.
• Current TNBC treatments like chemotherapy and immunotherapy face limitations including drug resistance and toxicity.
• Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising area in disease management, including various cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the multifaceted roles of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).
• To highlight the potential of EVs in TNBC progression, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies.
• To explore EVs as biomarkers and drug delivery vehicles for TNBC.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies investigating extracellular vesicles (EVs) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).
• Analysis of research on the involvement of EVs in TNBC progression and diagnosis.
• Evaluation of current and potential therapeutic applications of EVs in TNBC.

Main Results:

• EVs play significant roles in the progression and heterogeneity of TNBC.
• EVs demonstrate potential as diagnostic biomarkers for TNBC.
• EVs show promise as therapeutic agents and drug delivery systems for TNBC.

Conclusions:

• Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a promising avenue for addressing the challenges in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) management.
• Further research into EVs could lead to novel diagnostic tools and effective therapeutic strategies for TNBC.
• EVs offer potential for improved drug delivery and overcoming treatment resistance in TNBC.