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Maxillary Ewing Sarcoma in a Teenager: A Case Report
Ahmad Al-Bitar1, Mahdi Sandouk2,3
1Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic.
Case Reports in Oncology
|April 30, 2025
Summary
This case report details a 14-year-old female with maxillary Ewing sarcoma (ES), a rare bone cancer. Timely diagnosis and multimodal treatment led to a favorable outcome, highlighting the importance of early intervention for craniofacial ES.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pediatric Oncology
- Skeletal Oncology
Background:
- Ewing sarcoma (ES) is an aggressive pediatric bone cancer, typically affecting long bones and the pelvis.
- Craniofacial ES, particularly in the maxilla, is rare and can mimic benign conditions, potentially delaying diagnosis.
Observation:
- A 14-year-old female presented with maxillary swelling and pain, diagnosed with localized maxillary ES (T4a N0 M0).
- Diagnostic workup included radiography, biopsy revealing characteristic histopathology (small round blue cells, Homer-Wright rosettes), and immunohistochemistry (CD99, NKX2.2, FLI1).
Findings:
- The patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (VDC/IE), followed by en bloc resection and adjuvant chemotherapy.
- Dental rehabilitation was a crucial component of the multidisciplinary treatment plan.
Implications:
- Timely diagnosis of craniofacial ES is critical, with this case achieving intervention within 7 months.
- Balancing oncologic control with functional preservation is paramount in jaw ES, necessitating conservative surgery and rehabilitation.
- Craniofacial ES demonstrates a favorable prognosis, with reported 5-year survival rates of 82%, outperforming pelvic ES.
