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Updated: Jul 15, 2026

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Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
Published on: June 9, 2023
Thyroid Dysfunction Induced by Pembrolizumab: Five Case Reports.
Tingting Zhang1, Jing Li2,3, Junru Cai2
1Department of Pharmacy, Heyuan People's Hospital, Heyuan, China.
Case Reports in Oncology
|July 14, 2026
Summary
Pembrolizumab can cause thyroid dysfunction, a common immune-related side effect. Early hormone replacement therapy improves thyroid function stabilization in patients receiving this cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
- Oncology
Background:
- Pembrolizumab, a programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, has transformed cancer treatment but can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs).
- Thyroid dysfunction is a frequent irAE, but its clinical course, management, and long-term effects require further characterization.
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