[Clinical examination and imaging in patellofemoral osteoarthritis]

Patellofemoral osteoarthritis presents with anterior knee pain, exacerbated by activities such as stair climbing, squatting, or prolonged sitting. Clinically relevant signs include load-dependent pain, stiffness, restricted range of motion, swelling, and crepitus. The examination includes gait analysis, inspection of limb alignment, muscle atrophy, and deformities, along with palpation and specific tests such as the "hyperpression test." Imaging techniques like X‑ray, MRI, and CT offer valuable information on cartilage damage, maltracking, and subchondral changes. A structured diagnostic approach allows precise assessment of the condition and forms the basis for stage-appropriate therapy.