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P-N junction

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Printing Fabrication of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells and In Situ Morphology Characterization

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Published on: January 29, 2017

In Situ Construction of Multi-Functional Polymer Network Toward Durable Perovskite Solar Cells.

Bingqian Zhang^1,2, Qiangqiang Zhao¹, Kun Gao^1,2

¹College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

|April 30, 2025

Summary

This study introduces an in situ polymerization method to improve perovskite solar cell quality and stability. This technique enhances crystal quality and passivates grain boundaries, leading to higher power conversion efficiency and longer operational lifespan.

Keywords:

In situ polymerization long‐term stability perovskite solar cells and modules weak chemical bond network

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Renewable Energy
Photovoltaics

Background:

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) require enhanced crystalline quality and stabilized grain boundaries for improved longevity.
Defects at grain boundaries in perovskite films are a major limiting factor for device performance and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an in situ polymerization strategy for fabricating high-quality and stable perovskite thin films.
To investigate the role of acrylamide monomer in improving perovskite crystal structure and passivating grain boundary defects.

Main Methods:

An in situ polymerization strategy using acrylamide monomer introduced into the perovskite precursor solution.
Formation of polymer networks at grain boundaries through in situ polymerization of acrylamide.
Characterization of perovskite film quality and device performance.

Main Results:

Significant enhancement in the crystal quality of perovskite films due to acrylamide-induced rearrangement of [PbI6]4- octahedra.
Efficient passivation of grain boundary defects by in situ formed polymer networks, leading to improved operational stability (T98 = 2034 h).
Achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.05% for perovskite solar cells (certified 25.06%) and 23.02% for large-area modules (14 cm2).

Conclusions:

The in situ polymerization strategy effectively enhances perovskite film quality and device stability.
Acrylamide-based in situ polymerization offers a promising route for developing high-performance and durable perovskite solar cells and modules.