A Robust Protocol for Pluripotent Stem Cell Modeling of 3D Chamber-Like Cardiac Organoids

The formation of cardiac organoids brings a new 3D model of cardiac development. The organoid is also very helpful in screening drug efficiency or toxicity. Inspired by cardiac biology of development, a step-by-step protocol is described to generate cardiac chamber-like organoids from pluripotent stem cells. A few examples of functional tests and the use of these organoids for drug toxicity are reported.