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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

1.3K
The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
2.0K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2025

Clinical Protocol of Producing Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction for Potential Cartilage Regeneration
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The Triple Varus Knee: A Case Presentation.

Camila Grandberg1, Janina Kaarre1,2, Laura E Keeling1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Video Journal of Sports Medicine
|May 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a surgical technique for managing triple varus knee instability by combining high tibial osteotomy (HTO) with posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction. The procedure aims to restore knee stability and improve patient quality of life.

Keywords:
medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomymeniscus root repairrevision posterior cruciate ligament reconstructionrevision posterolateral corner reconstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Knee Reconstruction
  • Biomechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and posterolateral corner (PLC) deficiency cause significant knee instability and reduced quality of life.
  • Triple varus knee presents a complex challenge in orthopedic surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the surgical management of a triple varus knee with combined high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and revision PCL and PLC reconstruction.
  • To detail the surgical technique for addressing combined PCL and PLC deficiency in varus malalignment.

Main Methods:

  • The surgical technique involves a medial opening-wedge biplanar HTO fixed with a locking plate.
  • Revision PCL and PLC reconstruction utilizes allograft (Achilles for PCL, semitendinosus for PLC) with specific tunnel drilling and fixation.
  • Medial meniscus root repair is performed using sutures passed through a tibial tunnel and tied over a button.

Main Results:

  • While specific outcomes for the combined procedure are not yet available, individual components have reported good to excellent results.
  • The described technique addresses complex knee instability with a multi-faceted surgical approach.

Conclusions:

  • Combined HTO and revision PCL and PLC reconstruction is a viable option for persistent instability in triple varus knees.
  • This surgical approach should be considered for patients with failed prior reconstructions and varus malalignment.