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Related Concept Videos

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:28

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow...
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Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

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Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
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Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

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Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
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Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

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Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
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Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

849
Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
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Acute Respiratory Failure-I01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-I

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Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2025

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
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New Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Hospitalized Patients.

Arafat A Farooqui1, Syed M Mazhar Uddin1, Sanjay K Maheshwari1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11219, USA.

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives
|May 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Female gender, infection, vasopressor use, and CVA history increase mortality risk in hospitalized patients with new onset atrial fibrillation (AF). Longer hospital stays may increase AF likelihood but not mortality.

Keywords:
Atrial fibrillationCOVID-19Hospitalized adolescentsIn-hospital mortality

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • New onset atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common complication in hospitalized patients.
  • Identifying precipitating factors and their impact on mortality is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate factors precipitating new onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in hospitalized patients.
  • To assess the effect of these factors and hospital stay duration on in-patient mortality.
  • To examine factors associated with new onset AF in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at an urban tertiary care center.
  • Analysis of 464 hospitalized patients, examining demographic data, comorbidities, and clinical outcomes.
  • Statistical analysis to determine odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) for mortality associated with various factors.

Main Results:

  • Female gender (OR=2.63), infection (OR=6.00), vasopressor use (OR=6.71), and CVA history (OR=6.98) significantly increased mortality risk.
  • New onset AF developing after three days of admission did not increase mortality (OR=0.93).
  • COVID-19 positive patients were more likely to have sepsis (75% vs 31.46%).

Conclusions:

  • Female gender, infection, vasopressor use, and CVA history are significant predictors of mortality in hospitalized patients with new onset AF.
  • While longer hospital stays may increase the incidence of new onset AF, they do not appear to elevate mortality risk.
  • COVID-19 positivity is associated with a higher likelihood of sepsis in this patient cohort.