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[Diagnosing visceral Leishmaniasis using the microbiome 16S/18S test].
Kaziwa B Rasoul1, Henrik Vedel Nielsen2, Anne-Luise Thorsteinsson1
1Hæmatologisk Afdeling, Sjællands Universitetshospital, Roskilde.
Ugeskrift for Laeger
|May 1, 2025
Summary
Visceral leishmaniasis, a rare infection in Northern Europe, was diagnosed in an elderly patient using advanced microbiome 16S/18S metabarcoding. This highlights the test
Area of Science:
- Medical Parasitology
- Infectious Diseases
- Genomics
Background:
- Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is uncommon in Northern Europe and poses diagnostic challenges.
- Immunocompromised individuals, such as those with multiple myeloma, are at increased risk for opportunistic infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a rare case of visceral leishmaniasis diagnosed in Denmark.
- To demonstrate the utility of the microbiome 16S/18S metabarcoding test in diagnosing VL.
Main Methods:
- Next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based microbiome 16S/18S metabarcoding test.
- Species annotation software for bacteria, fungi, and parasites.
Main Results:
- A definitive diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis was achieved using the 16S/18S metabarcoding test.
- The test successfully identified the parasitic species responsible for the infection.
Conclusions:
- The microbiome 16S/18S metabarcoding test is a valuable tool for diagnosing rare infections like visceral leishmaniasis.
- Thorough travel history is crucial for diagnosing opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients.
