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Effects of bortezomib on intracellular antioxidant and apoptosis in HepG2cells.

Grażyna Świderska-Kołacz1, Magdalena Madej1, Szymon Zmorzynski2

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|May 2, 2025
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Bortezomib treatment altered antioxidant levels and increased apoptosis in hepatoblastoma cells. Further research into proteasome inhibitors and oxidative stress is crucial for improved cancer therapies.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, shows promise in solid cancer trials but lacks consistent treatment response.
  • Understanding bortezomib's cellular effects is key to optimizing its therapeutic application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dose- and time-dependent effects of bortezomib on apoptosis and antioxidant enzyme activities in HepG2 cells.
  • To analyze changes in glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels following bortezomib exposure.

Main Methods:

  • HepG2 cells were treated with varying concentrations (2-16 nM) and durations (24 vs. 48 hours) of bortezomib.
  • Assays were performed to measure apoptosis, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione transferase (GST), GSH, and MDA levels.

Main Results:

  • Bortezomib treatment led to a dose-dependent decrease in GSH levels.
  • Significant alterations were observed in MDA concentrations and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, GR, GPx, GST).
  • Apoptosis levels in HepG2 cells increased with escalating bortezomib concentrations, though no direct correlation with antioxidant parameters was found.

Conclusions:

  • Bortezomib significantly impacts oxidative stress markers and induces apoptosis in hepatoblastoma cells.
  • The study highlights the need for novel proteasome inhibitors and suggests exploring the role of oxidative stress proteins in enhancing therapeutic efficacy.