Sleep Quality and Its Influencing Factors in Hemodialysis and Renal Transplant Patients Across Various Stages

Sleep disorder is a prominent clinical symptom in CKD patients. It is highly prevalent and harmful and is related to numerous influencing factors. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible influencing factors of hemodialysis and renal transplant patients at different periods.

Twenty-six patients were selected in each of the following groups: hemodialysis (group A), 3 months after renal transplantation (group B), 3 to 12 months after renal transplantation (group C), and more than 1 year after renal transplantation (group D).The patients' sleep quality was evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). This study collected clinical and laboratory data related to sleep problems, such as creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, hemoglobin, albumin and alkaline phosphatase, while also investigating psychological conditions such as depression and anxiety. Multiple linear regression was used to predict sleep status based on anxiety, depression, creatinine, blood calcium, blood phosphorus, blood potassium, hemoglobin and albumin.

Compared with group A, the scores of PSQI in groups B and C were significantly lower, and the differences were statistically significant (P ≤ .05); however the differences were not significant in group D (P ≥ .05).Among the eight independent variables, anxiety, creatinine, and blood phosphorus significantly influenced sleep status (P ≤ .05). Conversely, depression, blood calcium, blood potassium, hemoglobin, and albumin did not show a statistically significant effect on sleep status (P ≥ .05).

After renal transplantation, patients' sleep status deteriorated after one year after surgery. Our study revealed that anxiety, creatinine and blood phosphorus were risk factors affecting sleep, which deserves our focused attention.