Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Artificial intelligence-assisted quality assessment of mid-trimester ultrasound examinations using large vision-language models.

BMC pregnancy and childbirth·2026

Same author

Immunohistochemical biomarker-associated radiomics for classifying thymic epithelial tumors: a multicenter retrospective study.

NPJ precision oncology·2026

Same author

Early prediction of thyroid capsule invasion in papillary microcarcinoma using ultrasound-based deep learning models: a retrospective multicenter study.

Insights into imaging·2025

Same author

Improving Breast Cancer Diagnosis in Ultrasound Images Using Deep Learning with Feature Fusion and Attention Mechanism.

Academic radiology·2025

Same author

Deep learning prediction of mammographic breast density using screening data.

Scientific reports·2025

Same author

A deep learning based ultrasound diagnostic tool driven by 3D visualization of thyroid nodules.

NPJ digital medicine·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Published on: June 9, 2023

Multimodal GPT model for assisting thyroid nodule diagnosis and management.

Jincao Yao^1,2,3,4, Yunpeng Wang⁵, Zhikai Lei⁶

¹Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging & Interventional Therapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.

NPJ Digital Medicine

|May 3, 2025

Summary

Thyroid nodule risk assessment is improved by ThyGPT, a transparent artificial intelligence (AI) tool. This AI copilot reduces unnecessary biopsies by over 40% and enhances diagnostic accuracy for radiologists.

More Related Videos

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

Published on: April 21, 2023

Author Spotlight: A 3D Digital Model for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Nodules

Author Spotlight: A 3D Digital Model for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Nodules

Published on: May 19, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Published on: June 9, 2023

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

A Swin Transformer-Based Model for Thyroid Nodule Detection in Ultrasound Images

Published on: April 21, 2023

Author Spotlight: A 3D Digital Model for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Nodules

Author Spotlight: A 3D Digital Model for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Nodules

Published on: May 19, 2023

Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Artificial Intelligence
Oncology

Background:

Traditional artificial intelligence (AI) models for analyzing thyroid ultrasound images lack transparency and interpretability.
Accurate risk assessment of thyroid nodules is crucial for appropriate patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate ThyGPT, a multimodal generative pre-trained transformer for thyroid nodules.
To provide a transparent and interpretable AI copilot for thyroid nodule risk assessment and management.

Main Methods:

Retrospective collection of ultrasound data from 59,406 patients across nine hospitals.
Development and testing of the ThyGPT model, an AI-generated content-enhanced computer-aided diagnosis (AIGC-CAD) model.

Main Results:

ThyGPT assisted in reducing biopsy rates by over 40% without increasing missed diagnoses.
The AI copilot detected errors in ultrasound reports 1,610 times faster than human review.
Radiologists' diagnostic performance improved, with the area under the curve increasing from 0.805 to 0.908 (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

ThyGPT offers a transparent and interpretable AI solution for thyroid nodule risk assessment.
The AIGC-CAD model has the potential to significantly enhance the capabilities of radiologists in managing thyroid nodules.