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Updated: May 9, 2025

Author Spotlight: Ex Vivo OCT-Based Multimodal Imaging of Human Donor Eyes for Research into Age-Related Macular Degeneration
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Latent retinal structural patterns with aging.

Kei Sano1,2, Kota Fukai3, Ryo Terauchi2

  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.

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|May 3, 2025
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Summary

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) reveals age-related retinal changes using novel archetypes. These patterns, including thinning in the macula, may enhance biomarker use for age-related diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Gerontology
  • Biomedical Imaging

Background:

  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) non-invasively assesses retinal structures.
  • Retinal thinning is a potential biomarker for systemic diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
  • Age-related retinal changes are not fully understood, hindering disease differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a granular method for assessing age-related spatial changes in the inner retina.
  • To identify and characterize latent retinal archetypes associated with aging.
  • To explore the utility of these archetypes as biomarkers for age-related conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a large dataset of 189,387 OCT scans from 22,494 individuals.
  • Developed 36 distinct retinal archetypes from macula and peripapillary sector images.
  • Analyzed associations between archetypes and participant age, including myopia subgroup analysis.

Main Results:

  • Identified age-related archetypes characterized by macular thinning (total or superior).
  • Observed inferior thinning in the macula's ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer associated with aging in myopic individuals.
  • Found age-related effects in the peripapillary sector manifested as changes in retinal artery trajectory shapes.

Conclusions:

  • Latent retinal archetypes provide a detailed approach to understanding age-related retinal alterations.
  • These archetypes show promise for improving the use of retinal biomarkers in diagnosing and monitoring age-related diseases.
  • Further research into retinal archetypes can unlock new diagnostic and prognostic capabilities.