Induction of Fetal Hydrocephalus Followed by Ventriculoamniotic Shunting and End of Study Analysis in the Pregnant Sheep Model
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Updated: May 9, 2025
Instrumentation of Near-term Fetal Sheep for Multivariate Chronic Non-anesthetized Recordings
Published on: October 25, 2015
Stephen Paul Emery, Stephanie Greene1, Nika Marie Hazen2
1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Introduction:
As part of an evidence-based reassessment of ventriculoamniotic shunting for fetal aqueductal stenosis, we developed an animal model for the induction of hydrocephalus, placement of a ventriculoamniotic shunt, and end of study analysis in fetal sheep.
Methods:
We made multiple revisions to both the animal model and the shunt over time. Regarding the animal model, we found that induction of hydrocephalus at 85 days gestation, shunt placement at 100 days gestation, and study end at 135 days gestation generated the most reproducible results.
Conclusion:
The purpose of this manuscript was to document step-by-step instructions for hydrocephalus induction, shunt placement, and end of study analysis so that those who wish to develop a fetal hydrocephalus model, repeat our experience with ventriculoamniotic shunting, or test other interventions may benefit from our experience. Moreover, standardization of methodology will allow for meaningful comparisons between investigators.
