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Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

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Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
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Plastic Behavior01:21

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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
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Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

Porosity in Cement Paste

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The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
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Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their...
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Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

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Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
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Members Made of Elastoplastic Material01:19

Members Made of Elastoplastic Material

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The behavior of elastoplastic materials under bending stresses, particularly in structural members with rectangular cross-sections, is crucial for predicting material responses and understanding failure modes. Initially, when a bending moment is applied, the stress distribution across the section follows Hooke's Law and is linear and elastic. This distribution means the stress increases from the neutral axis to the maximum at the outer fibers, up to the elastic limit.
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A Coupled Experiment-finite Element Modeling Methodology for Assessing High Strain Rate Mechanical Response of Soft Biomaterials
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An Efficient Damage-Plasticity DEM Contact Model for Highly Porous Rocks.

Jinhui Zheng1, Matteo Oryem Ciantia1,2

  • 1School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.

Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering
|May 5, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new discrete element method (DEM) model accurately simulates porous soft rock behavior, crucial for pile penetration studies. This efficient and scalable model captures micro-scale damage and macro-scale responses in materials like calcarenite.

Keywords:
ChalkDiscrete-element modellingSoft rocksSoil/structure interaction

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Area of Science:

  • Computational Geomechanics
  • Material Science
  • Numerical Modeling

Background:

  • Accurate simulation of porous soft rock behavior is essential for geotechnical engineering, particularly in pile penetration problems.
  • Existing models often struggle to capture the complex micro-scale mechanisms governing the macroscopic response of these materials.
  • The need for efficient and scalable numerical methods is critical for simulating large-scale geotechnical scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel discrete element method (DEM) model for simulating porous soft rock behavior.
  • To incorporate micro-scale damage and plastic deformation within a macro-element framework for enhanced realism.
  • To assess the model's efficiency, scalability, and predictive capability for pile penetration scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • A new discrete element method (DEM) model was developed, utilizing macro-element theory and damage laws for micro-scale plastic deformations.
  • A far-field interaction framework was employed to handle high porosity, irregular grains, and bond fragments, allowing non-overlapping particles to transmit forces.
  • A coupled DEM-Finite Differential Method (FDM) framework was used to enhance the efficiency of 3D numerical simulations.

Main Results:

  • The model was calibrated and successfully replicated the behavior of Maastricht calcarenite, exploring its mechanical response within the critical state theory framework.
  • Simulations of cone-ended penetration tests showed a good fit between experimental and numerical results, validating the model's predictive power.
  • The coupled DEM-FDM approach demonstrated significant efficiency gains for 3D simulations.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed DEM model effectively reproduces the behavior of porous soft rocks, including complex micro-scale phenomena.
  • The model's efficiency and scalability make it suitable for simulating large-scale geotechnical problems like pile penetration.
  • This novel approach provides insights into the microscopic mechanisms controlling the macroscopic response in soft-rock/structure interaction.