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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management

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Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) involves a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medication.
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Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

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Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2025

Subcostal Specimen Removal in Completely Portal Robotic Lobectomy
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Patient-Reported Symptom Burden Associated with Treatment Modality for Malignant Bowel Obstruction.

Sarah B Bateni1,2, Calvin H L Law1,3, Ashlie Nadler1

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Annals of Surgery
|May 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Patients with malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) experienced symptom improvement over time, with surgery offering slightly better relief for appetite and pain. This suggests surgery may provide palliative benefits for select MBO patients.

Keywords:
malignant bowel obstructionpalliative surgerypatient-reported outcomessymptom

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Palliative Care
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Optimal palliative treatment for malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) lacks robust evidence regarding patient-reported outcomes.
  • Research on symptom relief after MBO interventions is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare patient-reported outcomes following hospitalization for malignant bowel obstruction (MBO).
  • To evaluate outcomes across surgical, procedural, and medical interventions for MBO.

Main Methods:

  • Population-level analysis of 1,749 MBO patients with incurable cancer in Ontario, Canada (2010-2019).
  • Utilized prospectively collected Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) scores.
  • Employed mixed linear models to compare symptom scores from -1 to 6 months post-MBO admission.

Main Results:

  • Moderate-to-severe symptoms (pain, tiredness, lack of well-being, appetite) were prevalent before and after MBO hospitalization.
  • A decrease in moderate-to-severe symptoms was observed over the 6-month period across all patients.
  • Surgical intervention was associated with a greater reduction in appetite and pain symptoms over time compared to medical care.

Conclusions:

  • Patients hospitalized with MBO report symptom improvement over time, irrespective of treatment modality.
  • Surgical intervention may offer a palliative benefit, particularly for appetite and pain symptom relief in select MBO patients.