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A Colored Polydimethylsiloxane-Based Training Model for Sculpting Costal Cartilage in Ear Reconstruction
Yicheng Liu1, Senmao Wang1, Pengfei Sun1
1Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 33 Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, China.
Background:
Autologous costal cartilage reconstruction of the ear is one of the most challenging procedures in the field of plastic surgery, largely depending on the surgeon's experience in cartilage sculpting. Hence, simulated training for cartilage sculpting is crucial.
Methods And Materials:
We developed a novel colored model by incorporating cotton and calcium carbonate into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), tested its mechanical properties, and compared these with native costal cartilage. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze data. Additionally, a sculpting workshop was organized, surveying nine participants' subjective evaluations of the model.
Results:
The mechanical testing revealed that the mean compressive modulus of the PDMS costal cartilage model was 7.34±0.49MPa, with a hardness of 60.30±1.59A, a bending modulus of 3.72±0.50MPa, and a tensile modulus of 2.99± 0.44MPa. The compression modulus and hardness between models of different colors, as well as between models and their native counterparts, showed no significant statistical differences. As for subjective evaluations, the model scored above 4 (out of 5) in hardness, elasticity, stickiness experienced during engraving, and satisfaction with the sculpting support. Participants showed significant improvement in confidence and aesthetic appreciation of their sculpted ear frameworks.
Conclusion:
This colored model effectively mimics the mechanical characteristics of native costal cartilage. Its application received high subjective evaluations, as it significantly enhanced learners' understanding and mastery of the mechanical and aesthetic properties of costal cartilage. This educational approach effectively boosted their confidence and skill levels, reflecting a successful integration of colored models in practical learning.
No Level Assigned:
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
