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Compact high-gain circularly polarized patch antenna based on TM30/TM03 mode.

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This study introduces a compact, high-gain circularly polarized (CP) microstrip patch antenna. Utilizing a high-order mode patch and a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity, it achieves significant gain and reduced back radiation.

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Area of Science:

  • Electromagnetics and Wave Propagation
  • Antenna Theory and Design
  • Microwave Engineering

Background:

  • Microstrip patch antennas are widely used due to their low profile and conformability.
  • Achieving high gain and circular polarization simultaneously in a compact form factor remains a challenge.
  • Reducing back radiation is crucial for many antenna applications to minimize interference.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and validate a circularly polarized (CP) microstrip patch antenna with high gain and compact dimensions.
  • To investigate the use of high-order modes for enhanced radiation performance.
  • To reduce back radiation using a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a high-order mode patch antenna design.
  • Utilized diagonal feed and unequal center crossed slot to generate orthogonal TM03 and TM30 modes.
  • Integrated a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity around the patch to reduce back radiation.
  • Fabricated and measured an antenna prototype for validation.

Main Results:

  • The proposed antenna achieved a compact size of 1.27λ x 1.27λ x 0.03λ at the center frequency.
  • Measured operating bandwidth (S11 < -10 dB, AR < 3 dB) from 5.435 to 5.475 GHz.
  • Achieved high gain radiation of approximately 12 dBi within the operating band.
  • Reduced back radiation by two times compared to a similar antenna without the SIW cavity.

Conclusions:

  • The developed high-order mode microstrip patch antenna effectively radiates high-gain CP waves.
  • The integration of an SIW cavity is a viable method for achieving compact size and reducing back radiation.
  • The prototype measurements validate the design's performance, demonstrating its suitability for applications requiring high gain and low back lobes.