Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

214
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
214
Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

87
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
87
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

529
Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
529
Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

83
The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
83
Role of Amygdala in Memory01:16

Role of Amygdala in Memory

81
The amygdala is a small, almond-shaped structure responsible for processing and storing memories, particularly those linked to emotions like fear and stress. It plays an essential role in the brain's response to emotionally significant events and often enhances memory formation by triggering stress hormone release. The amygdala is vital for encoding and retrieving memories associated with fear or stress, a process that is adaptive by helping organisms avoid dangerous situations.
One of the...
81
Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory01:23

Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory

311
Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
 Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
311

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Trajectories of Response Inhibition Development in Adolescence.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Physiological, Histological, and Cognitive Characterization of a Rhesus Macaque Model of Presbycusis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Genetic control of dynamic brain network reconfiguration during working memory.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Cross-species evidence for the refinement of intrinsic neural timescales supporting executive system maturation through adolescence.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Longitudinal measures of monkey brain structure and activity through adolescence predict cognitive maturation.

Nature neuroscience·2025
Same author

NERV: A Comprehensive Framework for Rapid, Reproducible, and Hardware-Synchronized Neuroscience Experiment Design and Execution.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same journal

Salt priming coordinates transcriptional and epigenetic states for enhanced salt tolerance in mung bean (Vigna radiata).

Communications biology·2026
Same journal

A male-derived volatile sex pheromone in Caenorhabditis nematodes identified through its mimicry by a predator.

Communications biology·2026
Same journal

Revalidation of Manis aurita based on integrative genomic and morphological evidence.

Communications biology·2026
Same journal

Presenilin-1 controls glycolysis and identity of pancreatic beta cells.

Communications biology·2026
Same journal

Base editing-derived models of human WDR34 and WDR60 disease alleles replicate retrograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) and hedgehog signaling defects.

Communications biology·2026
Same journal

Butterflies with low thermoregulatory capacity show greatest upwards range shifts along an elevational gradient.

Communications biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2025

Recording Single Neurons' Action Potentials from Freely Moving Pigeons Across Three Stages of Learning
11:20

Recording Single Neurons' Action Potentials from Freely Moving Pigeons Across Three Stages of Learning

Published on: June 2, 2014

11.9K

Functional role of cell classes in monkey prefrontal cortex after learning a working memory task.

Amirreza Asadi1, Christos Constantinidis2, Mohammad Reza Daliri3,4

  • 1Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran.

Communications Biology
|May 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Investigating prefrontal cortex (PFC) circuits reveals distinct neuronal roles in spatial versus feature working memory. Different neuron types show varied responses, advancing understanding of cognitive processing heterogeneity.

More Related Videos

Assessment of Social Cognition in Non-human Primates Using a Network of Computerized Automated Learning Device ALDM Test Systems
08:42

Assessment of Social Cognition in Non-human Primates Using a Network of Computerized Automated Learning Device ALDM Test Systems

Published on: May 5, 2015

12.0K
Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

4.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2025

Recording Single Neurons' Action Potentials from Freely Moving Pigeons Across Three Stages of Learning
11:20

Recording Single Neurons' Action Potentials from Freely Moving Pigeons Across Three Stages of Learning

Published on: June 2, 2014

11.9K
Assessment of Social Cognition in Non-human Primates Using a Network of Computerized Automated Learning Device ALDM Test Systems
08:42

Assessment of Social Cognition in Non-human Primates Using a Network of Computerized Automated Learning Device ALDM Test Systems

Published on: May 5, 2015

12.0K
Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

4.5K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is crucial for working memory, but its specific roles in spatial and non-spatial tasks and the contributions of distinct cell types remain unclear.
  • Understanding neuronal circuit function within the PFC is essential for deciphering the mechanisms of working memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the precise roles of different prefrontal cortex (PFC) cell types in spatial and feature working memory.
  • To analyze how neuronal activity and response modulation differ across cell classes during working memory task learning and execution.

Main Methods:

  • Single-unit recordings were obtained from the PFC of monkeys during passive viewing and active spatial and feature working memory tasks.
  • Cluster analysis of extracellular spike waveforms identified distinct classes of narrow-spiking (putative inhibitory) and broad-spiking (putative pyramidal) neurons.
  • Physiological characteristics, including firing rates and stimulus-evoked responses, were compared across cell classes and task conditions.

Main Results:

  • Spatial working memory engagement increased activity across all identified PFC cell types.
  • Feature working memory primarily modulated activity in broad-spiking neuron classes.
  • Differential effects were observed within broad-spiking neurons, with one subtype showing increased activity and another exhibiting decreased baseline firing and variability.

Conclusions:

  • Prefrontal cortex (PFC) circuits exhibit functional heterogeneity, with distinct neuronal subtypes contributing specialized roles to spatial and feature working memory.
  • Spatial working memory involves broader PFC circuit engagement compared to feature working memory.
  • Specific broad-spiking neuron subtypes demonstrate unique modulations that may optimize neural coding efficiency during cognitive tasks.