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Related Concept Videos

Microbiota of the Large Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Large Intestine

The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
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The human gut microbiome includes a diverse array of microbial species, including beneficial commensals and opportunistic pathogens, which interact to support host health. These microbes contribute to essential functions such as nutrient metabolism, immune system modulation, and maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity. However, disruptions to this equilibrium—referred to as dysbiosis—can have widespread physiological consequences.Dysbiosis is often characterized by reduced microbial...

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Inulin Modulates Gut Microbiota and Increases Short-Chain Fatty Acids Levels to Inhibit Colon Tumorigenesis in Rat

Yangyang Yu1, Jinling He2, Haiqi Fu1

  • 1Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.

Journal of Food Science
|May 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Inulin, a prebiotic fiber, shows chemopreventive effects against colorectal cancer (CRC) in animal models. It enhances beneficial gut bacteria and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), supporting its role in CRC prevention strategies.

Keywords:
CRC preventionadjuvant therapyanimal modelscolorectal cancermeta‐analysisprecision prebiotics

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Nutrition Science
  • Microbiome Research
  • Cancer Prevention

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence increases with age and is influenced by dietary factors.
  • Inulin, a soluble prebiotic fiber, may modulate gut microbiota and metabolic profiles, potentially impacting CRC risk.
  • Understanding inulin's mechanisms in CRC prevention is crucial for dietary interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of inulin on colorectal cancer (CRC) in animal models.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms of inulin's potential chemopreventive effects against CRC.
  • To evaluate inulin's impact on gut microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across nine databases, identifying 12 relevant studies from 114 articles.
  • Inclusion criteria were predefined to select studies evaluating inulin's effects on CRC in animal models.
  • Standardized meta-analyses were performed on eligible studies to quantify inulin's effects.

Main Results:

  • Inulin supplementation significantly reduced aberrant crypt foci in rats and increased cecal weight.
  • Inulin enhanced colonic lactobacillus counts while decreasing coliform bacteria.
  • Inulin significantly elevated colonic short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetate, propionate, and butyrate.

Conclusions:

  • Inulin demonstrates significant chemopreventive effects against CRC in animal models.
  • Inulin promotes beneficial gut bacteria (e.g., Lactobacillus) and increases SCFA production, key mechanisms in CRC prevention.
  • Findings support the integration of inulin-rich foods or supplements into dietary strategies for CRC prevention and precision prebiotic development.