Neuroleptic malignant syndrome and the opioid system

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare and potentially fatal condition occurring usually in patients on long-term neuroleptic medication. The pathogenesis of the syndrome is poorly understood, but appears to be related to central dopaminergic dysfunction. Recently, an opioid-dopamine link has been demonstrated. This paper discusses evidence supporting an opioid dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.