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Work Productivity Loss in People Living With Long COVID Symptoms Over 2 Years From Infection
Hiten Naik1, Bingyue Zhu, Lee Er
1From the Post-COVID-19 Interdisciplinary Clinical Care Network, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (H.N., K.C.T., A.L.); Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (H.N., K.C.T., A.L.); BC Renal, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (B.Z., L.E., A.L.); BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (H.S., N.Z.J.); School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (H.S., N.Z.J.); Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (N.Z.J., K.C.T., A.L., W.Z.); Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (P.M.S.); Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (P.M.S.); and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (W.Z.).
Objective:
To evaluate the work productivity loss in people experiencing long COVID symptoms more than 2 years after infection.
Methods:
In a cross-sectional study, employed adults from British Columbia, Canada, who had a polymerase chain reaction-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection more than 2 years earlier, completed an online survey incorporating the Valuation of Lost Productivity questionnaire. Long COVID status was self-reported. The data were weighted to mirror the demographic and clinical profile of COVID-19 survivors in British Columbia.
Results:
Of 906 participants, 165 (18.7%) reported long COVID symptoms. These individuals reported greater total productivity loss than other COVID-19 survivors (adjusted mean difference, 99.2 hours per 3 months; 95% confidence interval, 44.9-167.5).
Conclusions:
Long COVID is associated with substantial work productivity loss. Given the large number of individuals affected by long COVID, this has significant implications for healthcare systems, the workforce, and economies.
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