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Related Concept Videos

Photoelectric Effect02:26

Photoelectric Effect

When light of a particular wavelength strikes a metal surface, electrons are emitted. This is called the photoelectric effect. The minimum frequency of light that can cause such emission of electrons is called the threshold frequency, which is specific to the metal. Light with a frequency lower than the threshold frequency, even if it is of high intensity, cannot initiate the emission of electrons. However, when the frequency is higher than the threshold value, the number of electrons ejected...
Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation01:10

Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation

Electromagnetic (EM) radiation consists of electric and magnetic field components oscillating in planes perpendicular to each other and mutually perpendicular to radiation propagation through space. EM radiation can be classified as a wave, characterized by the properties of waves such as wavelength (denoted as λ) and frequency (represented by ν).
Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks (the highest point) or troughs (the lowest point) in the wave. Frequency is the number of...
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation01:25

Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation

Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers
13:44

Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers

Published on: December 27, 2012

Terahertz frequency electronics and photonics: materials and devices.

Joshua Freeman1, Edmund Linfield1, Alexander Giles Davies1

  • 1School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|May 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Terahertz science and engineering have advanced significantly, utilizing new semiconductor materials for devices like quantum cascade lasers and detectors. Emerging 2D materials show promise for efficient terahertz optoelectronics, addressing current challenges.

Keywords:
quantum cascade lasersemiconductor heterostructuresterahertz electronics and photonicstopological insulatorstransition metal dichalcogenidestwo-dimensional materials

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Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies

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Area of Science:

  • Physics and Engineering
  • Electromagnetic Spectrum Applications

Background:

  • The terahertz (THz) region bridges electronics and optics, offering unique research opportunities despite accessibility challenges.
  • Significant progress in THz science and engineering has been made over the last 25 years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in terahertz science and engineering.
  • To highlight new materials and device technologies for THz applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of semiconductor material growth techniques.
  • Exploration of quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) and photodetectors.
  • Investigation of two-dimensional (2D) materials for THz devices.

Main Results:

  • Semiconductor advancements enable high-performance THz devices like QCLs and photodetectors.
  • Thin magnetic films facilitate efficient THz generation.
  • 2D materials (graphene, topological insulators, etc.) show potential for sensitive THz detectors and modulators.

Conclusions:

  • New materials and device designs are crucial for overcoming existing challenges in THz electronics and photonics.
  • Continued research promises to unlock the full potential of the terahertz spectrum.