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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Spongy Bone01:09

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
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Method and Instrumented Fixture for Femoral Fracture Testing in a Sideways Fall-on-the-Hip Position
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THE IMPACT OF SARCOPENIA ON FRACTURE PATTERNS OF THE PROXIMAL FEMUR.

Dino Bobovec1, Tomislav Žigman1,2, Daniel Rajačić1

  • 1Department of Surgery, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.

Acta Clinica Croatica
|May 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Sarcopenia, a loss of muscle mass, is linked to specific hip fracture types. Screening for sarcopenia in elderly patients with proximal femoral fractures can guide geriatric care, especially for pertrochanteric fractures.

Keywords:
Hip FracturesSarcopeniaTrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Sarcopenia is a significant health concern in the elderly population.
  • Proximal femoral fractures are common in older adults and associated with high morbidity and mortality.
  • The relationship between sarcopenia and specific fracture patterns in proximal femoral fractures requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between sarcopenia and fracture patterns in patients with proximal femoral fractures.
  • To determine if sarcopenia influences the type of proximal femoral fracture sustained.

Main Methods:

  • A single-centre cross-sectional study was conducted.
  • Seventy patients admitted with proximal femoral fractures were analyzed.
  • Sarcopenia was assessed preoperatively using the EWGSOP2 criteria, including the SARC-F questionnaire and hand grip strength test.

Main Results:

  • Sarcopenic patients showed a significantly higher proportion of extracapsular fractures (63.6% vs. 26.9%) compared to non-sarcopenic patients.
  • Pertrochanteric fractures were more common in the sarcopenic group (52.3% vs. 23%).
  • Femoral neck fractures were significantly less common in sarcopenic patients (36.4% vs. 73.1%).

Conclusions:

  • Sarcopenia is associated with a higher prevalence of extracapsular and pertrochanteric fractures.
  • The findings highlight the importance of screening for sarcopenia in hip fracture patients.
  • Comprehensive geriatric care should be considered for all hip fracture patients, particularly those with pertrochanteric fracture patterns.