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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
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The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
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¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR01:15

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The axial and equatorial protons in cyclohexane can be distinguished by performing a variable-temperature NMR experiment. In this process, except for one proton, the remaining eleven protons are replaced by deuterium. The deuterium substitution avoids the possible peak splitting caused by the spin-spin coupling between the adjacent protons. The remaining proton flips between the axial and equatorial positions.
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The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
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The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
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Probing DNA melting behaviour under vibrational strong coupling.

Weijian Tao1, Fatma Mihoubi1,2, Bianca Patrahau1

  • 1ISIS & icFRC, University of Strasbourg & CNRS, Strasbourg, France.

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|May 8, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vibrational strong coupling (VSC) did not affect the melting behavior of double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA). This study highlights ds-DNA

Keywords:
DNAlight–matter interactionmelting behavioursolventvibrational strong coupling

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Chemistry and Spectroscopy
  • Biophysics and Molecular Biology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Strong coupling to vacuum fields, particularly vibrational strong coupling (VSC), is a rapidly developing area for manipulating matter.
  • VSC shows promise for altering chemical and biochemical processes by modifying ground-state properties.
  • Understanding VSC effects on biological macromolecules like DNA is crucial for potential applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of VSC of water on the melting behavior of double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA).
  • To explore the influence of various experimental parameters on VSC effects in a DNA system.
  • To establish a protocol for studying VSC in biological systems within microfluidic cavities.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental manipulation of ds-DNA melting behavior under VSC conditions.
  • Systematic variation of experimental parameters: ds-DNA concentration, cavity profile, solution environment, and thermal annealing.
  • Utilizing microfluidic Fabry-Perot cavities to achieve and study VSC.

Main Results:

  • No significant alteration in the melting behavior of the studied ds-DNA sequence was observed under VSC.
  • The robustness of ds-DNA to external perturbations, including VSC, was reconfirmed.
  • A general experimental protocol for probing VSC effects on biological systems was successfully developed.

Conclusions:

  • Vibrational strong coupling of water does not significantly influence the melting transition of this specific ds-DNA sequence.
  • ds-DNA exhibits inherent stability against perturbations induced by VSC.
  • The developed protocol offers a valuable platform for future investigations into VSC in complex biological systems.