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Randomized Clinical Trial of High Intensity Exercise in People with HIV: Effects on Muscle Composition and
Alice S Ryan1, Brandon C Briggs2, Alicia J Lozano2,3
1Department of Veterans Affairs, Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, and the Baltimore Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Maryland Health Care System.
Exercise training improved muscle mass, density, and strength in older adults with HIV. This study highlights the benefits of aerobic exercise and resistance training for muscle health in this population.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Muscle Biology
- HIV Research
Background:
- Myosteatosis negatively impacts muscle strength and mobility.
- Inflammation is linked to myosteatosis, but exercise effects in people with HIV (PWH) are understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of a 16-week aerobic exercise and resistance training (AEX+RT) program on muscle characteristics and inflammation in older PWH.
Main Methods:
- A randomized trial compared AEX+RT to standard care in PWH aged 50+.
- Computed tomography assessed thigh muscle area, intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), and density.
- Inflammatory markers (IL-6, hsCRP, TNF-α, IL-18) were measured.
Main Results:
- AEX+RT significantly increased muscle area, density, and leg strength compared to control.
- A decrease in IMAT was observed but did not reach statistical significance.
- Baseline muscle density and IMAT correlated with inflammatory markers, but changes in inflammation did not correlate with muscle improvements.
Conclusions:
- Combined AEX+RT effectively enhances muscle quality (density, size, strength) in older PWH.
- Further research in diverse populations is needed to understand mechanisms linking muscle quality and inflammation.
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