Imaging-guided deep tissue in vivo sound printing
Elham Davoodi1, Jiahong Li1, Xiaotian Ma1
1Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 8, 2025
Summary
We developed a novel imaging-guided deep tissue in vivo sound printing (DISP) platform for non-invasive, precise 3D bioprinting. This technology enables on-demand fabrication of patient-specific implants and therapies within live animals.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Three-dimensional printing holds potential for patient-specific medical devices but often requires invasive surgery.
- Existing methods lack the precision and non-invasive capabilities for deep-tissue applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an imaging-guided deep tissue in vivo sound printing (DISP) platform.
- To enable precise, non-invasive, on-demand 3D bioprinting within live organisms.
Main Methods:
- Incorporation of cross-linking agent-loaded liposomes into bioinks for focused ultrasound-triggered solidification.
- Utilized gas vesicle-based ultrasound imaging for real-time monitoring and pattern guidance.
- Validated the platform in mouse bladders and rabbit leg muscles.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated precise, rapid, on-demand cross-linking of diverse biomaterials in vivo.
- Successfully printed functional biomaterials in deep tissues and near diseased areas.
- Showcased the platform's versatility with conductive, drug-loaded, cell-laden, and bioadhesive materials.
Conclusions:
- The DISP platform offers a non-invasive solution for localized drug delivery and tissue replacement.
- This technology advances the potential of 3D bioprinting for personalized medicine and regenerative therapies.
- DISP's versatility supports a wide range of biomedical applications requiring in vivo fabrication.
