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Dichotic listening tests in studying brain-behavior relationships.

B E Wexler, T Halwes

    Neuropsychologia
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Perceptual asymmetry (PA) measures varied across different dichotic tests, showing no correlation between individuals. Field dependence influenced PA on nonsense syllables but not on words, suggesting distinct neural processing for different auditory tasks.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Auditory Perception

    Background:

    • Perceptual asymmetry (PA) is a phenomenon observed in dichotic listening tasks.
    • Previous models of PA have not fully accounted for individual differences or task-specific variations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the magnitude of perceptual asymmetry (PA) across different dichotic tests using CVC words and VCV/CV nonsense syllables.
    • To investigate the relationship between PA, field dependence, and concurrent visual tasks.
    • To propose a modified model of PA incorporating receptive and associative brain functions.

    Main Methods:

    • Administered three dichotic fused-syllable tests (CVC words, VCV nonsense, CV nonsense) using the same phonemic cues (six English stop consonants).
    • Assessed individual differences in PA and field dependence using the Field Dependence Index (FDI) of the WAIS.
    • Introduced concurrent visual tasks during testing.

    Main Results:

    • High test-retest reliability was observed for all three PA tests.
    • No significant correlation was found between individual PA magnitudes across the different tests.
    • PA on the VCV nonsense test positively correlated with field dependence, unlike the CVC words test.
    • Concurrent visual tasks modulated PA differently depending on the test type (increased for VCV nonsense, decreased for CVC words).

    Conclusions:

    • PA magnitude is test-specific and not consistently correlated across individuals for different dichotic tasks.
    • Field dependence and concurrent cognitive load interact with PA in a manner dependent on the nature of the stimuli (words vs. nonsense syllables).
    • A modified model of PA is proposed, integrating sensory and higher-order cognitive processing for a more comprehensive understanding of brain-behavior relationships in auditory perception.

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