A Mini-review on Immunoblotting Technique in Vaccine Development: Current Innovations

Immunoblotting, commonly known as Western blotting, remains a pivotal technique in the identification and quantification of specific proteins, offering critical insights into antigen-antibody interactions essential for vaccine development. This mini-review highlights the evolving role of immunoblotting in modern vaccinology, focusing on its application in evaluating immune responses, verifying antigen expression, and screening candidate vaccine components. Current innovations, including enhanced detection systems, high-throughput formats, and integration with proteomics, have significantly improved the sensitivity and specificity of this method. Moreover, advancements in automation and data analysis are streamlining workflows, enabling faster and more reliable vaccine research. This review underscores the continued relevance of immunoblotting in the post-genomic era, particularly as new vaccine platforms, such as mRNA and vector-based vaccines, demand precise immunological validation.