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Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

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Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Comprehensive Assessment of Germline Chemical Toxicity Using the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
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Comprehensive Assessment of Germline Chemical Toxicity Using the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

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Identifying environmental chemicals impacting neurodevelopment using a random mixture-based screening approach.

Wenxin Hu1,2, Lei Xing1,2, Jieun Park1,3

  • 1UNC Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.

Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology
|May 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Environmental chemicals can harm brain development. This study found perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) enters the embryonic brain, reduces brain weight, and disrupts neural cell development, increasing neurodevelopmental disorder risk.

Keywords:
PFOAmaternal transferneurodevelopmental toxicity

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Neurodevelopmental Toxicology
  • Developmental Neuroscience

Background:

  • Environmental exposures are linked to neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • In vitro screening identified chemicals for in vivo testing.
  • Understanding chemical impacts on developing brains is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify environmental chemical mixtures affecting neurodevelopmental endpoints in mice.
  • To determine which specific chemicals cross the placental barrier into the developing brain.
  • To elucidate the cellular mechanisms of neurotoxicity for identified chemicals.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo testing of 47 environmental chemicals in complex mixtures in pregnant mice.
  • Measurement of embryonic body, brain, and placenta weight.
  • Mass spectrometry to detect chemical presence in the embryonic brain.
  • Single-nuclei RNA sequencing to analyze cellular and molecular changes in the developing brain.

Main Results:

  • Three chemicals, including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), entered the embryonic brain and reduced brain weight.
  • Gestational PFOA exposure altered neural progenitor cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation.
  • PFOA disrupted the cell cycle in neural progenitor cells in both male and female mice.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental chemicals can significantly impact in vivo neurodevelopmental processes.
  • PFOA is identified as a neurotoxicant affecting embryonic brain development and cellular mechanisms.
  • Single-nuclei RNA sequencing is a valuable tool for understanding neurotoxicity mechanisms.