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Casper-Emil Tingskov Pedersen1, Thanh T Hoang2,3,4,5, Jianping Jin2

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Maternal asthma during pregnancy may alter newborn DNA methylation patterns, potentially influencing childhood asthma susceptibility. This study explored the links between parental asthma and epigenetic changes in newborns.

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Genomics
  • Pediatric Health

Background:

  • Prenatal exposure to maternal asthma may impact offspring DNA methylation.
  • These epigenetic alterations could influence susceptibility to diseases like asthma later in life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between parental asthma and DNA methylation in newborn blood.
  • To identify specific DNA methylation sites and regions linked to maternal and paternal asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Epigenome-wide association analyses (EWAS) were performed on 7433 newborns using Illumina450K or EPIC arrays.
  • Fixed effects meta-analyses identified differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) and regions (DMRs).
  • Gene expression analyses examined associations with publicly available data from children and adults.

Main Results:

  • 27 CpGs and 5 DMRs were associated with maternal asthma during pregnancy.
  • Two CpGs and 13 DMRs were linked to paternal asthma.
  • Maternal asthma-associated DMCs showed links to gene expression, including HLA genes and HOXA5, in blood and lung tissues.

Conclusions:

  • Parental asthma, particularly maternal asthma during pregnancy, is associated with altered newborn DNA methylation.
  • These epigenetic modifications may contribute to the underlying mechanisms of asthma susceptibility in offspring.