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Cretaceous Chert-Hosted Microfossils Visualized With Synchrotron Ptychographic X-Ray Computed Tomography (PXCT).

Kelsey R Moore1,2, Theodore M Present1, Antoine Crémière1,3

  • 1Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA.

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|May 11, 2025
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Summary

Synchrotron ptychographic X-ray computed tomography (PXCT) reveals new details on how silica preserves microfossils. This study enhances our understanding of ancient microbial life and fossilization processes.

Keywords:
Barra Velha Formationchertmicrofossilpre‐saltptychographic X‐ray computed tomography

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Area of Science:

  • Paleontology
  • Geochemistry
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Silicification of microfossils is crucial for understanding Earth's ancient microbial ecosystems.
  • Mechanisms of silica precipitation and organic material preservation in microfossils remain incompletely understood.
  • Identifying factors contributing to microfossil preservation is key to reconstructing past life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microfossil preservation using synchrotron ptychographic X-ray computed tomography (PXCT).
  • To characterize diverse morphologies and preservation styles of microfossils from the Cretaceous Barra Velha Formation.
  • To elucidate silica-organic relationships and taphonomic processes in ancient silicifying environments.

Main Methods:

  • Application of synchrotron ptychographic X-ray computed tomography (PXCT) for high-resolution imaging.
  • Generation of 2D and 3D reconstructions of microfossils and silica-organic textures at nanometer resolution.
  • Analysis of microfossil morphology and preservation variability.

Main Results:

  • PXCT revealed previously uncharacterized silica textures and organic-silica relationships.
  • Nanometer-resolution imaging provided insights into microfossil morphologies and preservation styles.
  • Preservational variability was linked to potential physiological or biochemical differences in ancient microbes.

Conclusions:

  • PXCT is a powerful tool for analyzing microfossil fine structures and taphonomic processes.
  • The study enhances understanding of microbial diversity and complexity in the Cretaceous pre-salt basin.
  • Findings contribute to knowledge of microfossil preservation mechanisms in silicifying environments.