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X-ray Imaging

X-ray Imaging

German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...

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Updated: May 5, 2026

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

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Published on: July 12, 2017

A fast X-ray shutter for high-power beams.

Thierry Lachat¹, Benedikt Rösner¹, Ana Diaz¹

¹Paul Scherrer Institute, PSI Center for Photon Science, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation

|February 18, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new piezo-actuated shutter system for high-power X-ray beams operates in 2ms. This advanced shutter ensures safe operation with high heat loads at synchrotron sources, minimizing radiation damage.

Keywords:

beamline instrumentation fast X-ray shutters piezo shutters

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Last Updated: May 5, 2026

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Published on: February 28, 2019

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Mechanical Engineering
Physics

Background:

Fourth-generation synchrotron sources produce high-power X-ray beams.
High heat loads from optics like multilayer monochromators pose operational challenges.
Existing shutter systems may not meet the demands of advanced synchrotron applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a piezo-actuated shutter system for high-power broadband X-ray beams.
To enable safe and efficient operation at fourth-generation synchrotron sources.
To facilitate high-throughput scanning and imaging techniques.

Main Methods:

Development of a flexure-based mechanical design.
Integration of efficient water cooling for thermal management.
Piezo-actuation for millisecond-scale open-close transitions.

Main Results:

Achieved full open-close transitions in 2 milliseconds.
Successfully withstood continuous thermal loads exceeding 20 Watts.
Validated ultrahigh vacuum compatibility and performance under realistic conditions.

Conclusions:

The developed shutter system is suitable for high-power X-ray applications.
Its rapid actuation and thermal resistance minimize radiation damage.
Enables advanced techniques like ptychography, tomography, and protein crystallography.