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Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

397
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
397
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

23.5K
An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
23.5K
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

39.6K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
39.6K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

13.9K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
13.9K
Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

263
Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
263
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

117.3K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
117.3K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2025

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

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High Ionic Conduction in Rb- and Cs-Mixed Cation Amide for Energy Storage.

Thi Thu Le1, Kai Sellschopp1, Fabrizio Murgia2

  • 1Institute of Hydrogen Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum hereon GmbH, D-21502, Geesthacht, Germany.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|May 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A new mixed cation amide solid solution, Rb0.5Cs0.5NH2, exhibits exceptionally high ionic conductivity. This breakthrough in solid-state battery materials is driven by cation exchange and anion dynamics.

Keywords:
DFTamideselectrochemistryion exchangeionic conductivity

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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Ionic conductivity is critical for solid-state batteries and energy storage.
  • Individual alkali metal amides like RbNH₂ and CsNH₂ show limited ionic conductivity.
  • Developing novel materials with enhanced ionic transport is essential for advanced energy applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the discovery of high ionic conductivity in a novel mixed cation amide solid solution.
  • To investigate the structural and dynamic mechanisms responsible for the enhanced ionic conductivity.
  • To explore the potential of these materials for energy storage applications.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of the Rb₀.₅Cs₀.₅NH₂ mixed cation amide solid solution.
  • Experimental measurements of ionic conductivity.
  • Quasielastic Neutron Scattering (QENS) to study ion dynamics.
  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations for computational analysis.

Main Results:

  • The Rb₀.₅Cs₀.₅NH₂ solid solution demonstrates ionic conductivity four orders of magnitude higher than parent compounds.
  • Rb⁺/Cs⁺ cation exchange stabilizes a cubic structure, enhancing ionic transport.
  • QENS and DFT reveal that anion reorientation dynamics facilitate cation migration via a paddlewheel mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • The mixed cation amide solid solution presents a promising new class of materials for high ionic conductivity.
  • Understanding the interplay between crystal structure, anion dynamics, and cation migration is key to optimizing these materials.
  • This research paves the way for improved solid-state batteries and hydrogen storage solutions.