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Respectful maternity care in Indonesia: A factor analysis with a multicenter study approach
Sofia Al Farizi1, Endyka Erye Frety1, Dewi Setyowati1
1Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Midwifery
|May 12, 2025
Summary
Respectful Maternity Care (RMC) in Indonesia is impacted by medical interventions and invasive procedures. Addressing these factors is crucial for improving women's childbirth experiences and upholding their bodily autonomy.
Area of Science:
- Maternal Health
- Obstetrics
- Public Health
Background:
- Respectful Maternity Care (RMC) encompasses ethical, psychological, and cultural aspects of childbirth.
- Indonesia faces challenges in RMC implementation, with limited patient autonomy and prevalent medical interventions.
- Cesarean births and episiotomies are common, indicating a need to analyze RMC factors in referral hospitals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze Respectful Maternity Care (RMC).
- To identify factors influencing RMC in Indonesian referral hospitals.
Main Methods:
- A multi-center, institution-based cross-sectional study.
- Inclusion of pregnant women in their late second or early third trimester (26-30 weeks).
- Analysis using multiple linear regression to identify significant influential variables (p ≤ 0.05).
Main Results:
- Six variables significantly influenced the RMC score: method of childbirth, prolonged labor, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), repeated vaginal examinations, episiotomy, and childbirth position.
- These six factors accounted for 44.1% of the variance in RMC scores.
Conclusions:
- Medical interventions (cesarean delivery, episiotomy) and invasive procedures (repeated vaginal examinations) negatively impact RMC.
- Findings underscore the need for women-centered care in Indonesia to protect women's rights and improve birth experiences, even with complications.
- Promoting RMC can lead to better outcomes for women experiencing postpartum hemorrhage and prolonged labor.
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