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Flow-induced particle migration microfluidics-the experimenter's comprehensive review.

David Poustka1, Jaromir Havlica2,3, David Kramoliš2

  • 1CENAB-Center for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 3544/1, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic.

Progress in Biomedical Engineering (Bristol, England)
|May 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Flow-induced particle migration microfluidics (FIPMM) offers advanced separation of nanoscale particles like exosomes. This review synthesizes FIPMM theory and practice, highlighting benefits and challenges for researchers.

Keywords:
elasto-inertial microfluidicsexosome isolationflow-induced particle migrationinertial microfluidicsmicrofluidicsparticle separationviscoelastic microfluidics

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Flow-induced particle migration microfluidics (FIPMM) encompasses inertial, viscoelastic, and elasto-inertial phenomena.
  • These microfluidic techniques are increasingly vital for manipulating and separating nanoscale particles, including exosomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of the theoretical underpinnings and practical applications of FIPMM.
  • To focus on the use of microfluidic platforms for exosome separation and manipulation.
  • To bridge the gap between theoretical concepts and real-world applications in nanoscale particle separation.

Main Methods:

  • Exploration of the interplay between inertial and elastic forces in microfluidic channels.
  • Synthesis of existing research on FIPMM for particle separation.
  • Analysis of advantages, challenges, and limitations of current FIPMM methods.

Main Results:

  • FIPMM enables enhanced resolution, throughput, and scalability in nanoscale particle separation without chemical labeling.
  • The study highlights the potential of microfluidics for precise manipulation of exosomes.
  • Key limitations including device fabrication, material properties, and reproducibility are identified.

Conclusions:

  • FIPMM presents a promising label-free approach for nanoscale particle separation, particularly for exosomes.
  • Addressing identified limitations is crucial for advancing the practical implementation and scalability of FIPMM.
  • This review offers strategic insights for researchers and engineers entering or working in the FIPMM field.