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Related Concept Videos

The Significance of Membrane Transport01:44

The Significance of Membrane Transport

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The transport of solutes across the cell membrane is essential for metabolic processes, like maintaining cell size and volume, generating the action potential, exchanging nutrients and gases, etc. Membrane transport can be either passive or active. It can be simple diffusion, facilitated, or mediated transport aided by transport proteins such as transporters and channels.
Transporters facilitate either an active or passive movement of solutes. They can allow a single-molecule transport down its...
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Facilitated Diffusion01:16

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The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
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Primary Active Transport01:29

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In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction they would...
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Pore transport and ion-pair formation are critical mechanisms for the absorption and distribution of drugs in the body.
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Drug transporters are critical in drug absorption, distribution, and excretion processes. They should be included in physiological-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models, which help predict human drug disposition. However, predicting this is challenging during drug development, especially when liver transport is involved. However, with a realistic representation of body transport processes, an accurate model may be possible.
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Membrane Transporters01:31

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Transporters are essential membrane transport proteins with functions related to cell nutrition, homeostasis, communication, etc. Approximately 7% of all genes in the human genome code for transporters or transporter-related proteins.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carrier Transporters Using Codon-Optimized Genes
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Data- and knowledge-derived functional landscape of human solute carriers.

Ulrich Goldmann1, Tabea Wiedmer1, Andrea Garofoli1

  • 1CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.

Molecular Systems Biology
|May 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created a knowledgebase for the human solute carrier (SLC) superfamily, enabling functional annotation of these vital membrane transporters and advancing drug discovery. This resource aids understanding of SLCs and their roles in human health.

Keywords:
Human Gene FunctionKnowledgebaseMembrane TransportersMultimodal Data IntegrationSolute Carriers

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The human solute carrier (SLC) superfamily, comprising ~460 membrane transporters, is a vast and understudied protein family with significant therapeutic implications.
  • Understanding the functions of SLCs is crucial for advancing biomedical research and developing novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive knowledgebase for the human SLC superfamily by integrating multi-omics data and curated public information.
  • To systematically annotate SLC functions, substrate specificities, disease associations, and subcellular localizations.
  • To provide a web portal for accessible data exploration and functional landscape analysis of the entire SLC superfamily.

Main Methods:

  • Literature curation for SLC substrate annotation.
  • Data mining for SLC disease association compilation.
  • Integration of public database annotations and immunofluorescence imaging for subcellular localization.
  • Development of a web portal with interactive tools for data visualization and analysis.
  • Computational derivation of an integrated functional landscape for the human SLC superfamily.

Main Results:

  • A comprehensive SLC knowledgebase integrating multi-omics and curated data was established.
  • Systematic annotation of SLC substrates, disease associations, and subcellular localizations was achieved.
  • An integrated functional landscape of the human SLC superfamily was computationally derived, identifying distinct transporter clusters and functional distances.
  • Biochemical and biological functions were assigned to each SLC, representing a large-scale systematic gene function annotation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed knowledgebase and web portal provide a valuable resource for the scientific community to advance SLC research.
  • The systematic functional annotation of the human SLC superfamily offers a blueprint for future research endeavors in gene function and drug discovery.
  • This study significantly enhances our understanding of the human SLC transporter family and its role in biological processes and disease.