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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Strength: Overview01:12

Ionic Strength: Overview

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The ionic strength of a solution is a quantitative way of expressing the total electrolyte concentration of a solution. This concept was first introduced in 1921 by two American physical chemists, Gilbert N. Lewis and Merle Randall, while describing the activity coefficient of strong electrolytes. During the calculation of ionic strength (I or μ), all the cations and anions are considered. However, the concentration (c) of an ion with a greater charge number (z) has a greater contribution...
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Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria01:19

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

1.2K
The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
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Electrolysis03:00

Electrolysis

25.7K
In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
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Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

117.3K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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Challenges, opportunities, and roadmap for ionic liquid-based electrolytes in advancing energy storage devices.

Sudeshna Chaudhari1, Poulomi Nandi1, Chandramouli Subramaniam1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. csubbu@chem.iitb.ac.in.

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Summary

Ionic liquids advance safer energy storage by improving gel and solid-state electrolytes. Understanding their complex interactions enhances performance and safety in batteries and supercapacitors.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Growing demand for safer, compact energy storage drives advanced electrode and electrolyte materials.
  • Ionic liquids offer potential for gel-based and solid-state electrolytes, addressing limitations in energy density and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review multi-component interactions of ionic liquids in gel and solid-state electrolytes.
  • To explore how these interactions enhance performance and safety in lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors.
  • To present advanced characterization methods for interfacial dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of ionic liquid applications in energy storage.
  • Analysis of interactions between ionic liquids, polymers, ceramics, nanofillers, and redox additives.
  • Discussion of advanced characterization techniques for electrode/electrolyte interfaces.

Main Results:

  • Ionic liquids are crucial for overcoming trade-offs in energy storage devices.
  • Understanding interfacial dynamics is key to optimizing electrolyte performance.
  • Various matrix materials and additives significantly influence ionic liquid behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Ionic liquids are vital for next-generation batteries and supercapacitors.
  • Further research into interfacial phenomena will unlock improved energy storage solutions.
  • Advanced characterization is essential for designing superior electrolyte systems.