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Enhancing fin whale vocalizations in distributed acoustic sensing data
Quentin Goestchel1, William S D Wilcock1, Shima Abadi1
1School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|May 13, 2025
Summary
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) effectively detects fin whale calls using fiber-optic cables. A combined matched filtering and envelope subtraction method enhances low signal-to-noise ratio detections for marine mammal monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Marine bioacoustics
- Oceanographic technology
- Signal processing
Background:
- Acoustic monitoring is crucial for marine mammal research and conservation, complementing visual surveys.
- Fin whale 20 Hz vocalizations are ideal for acoustic detection.
- Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) offers continuous, high-resolution acoustic data over long distances using fiber-optic cables.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate signal processing techniques for enhancing and denoising fin whale vocalizations in DAS data.
- To assess the effectiveness of DAS for marine mammal acoustic monitoring.
Main Methods:
- Collected DAS data using the Ocean Observatories Initiative Regional Cabled Array in November 2021.
- Applied and compared signal-to-noise ratio estimation, matched filtering, Gabor filtering, and noise envelope subtraction.
- Focused on a 65-95 km segment with 2 m channel spacing.
Main Results:
- A combination of matched filtering and envelope subtraction proved most effective for fin whale call detection.
- This method successfully detected low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) fin whale calls and determined their arrival times.
- DAS array processing significantly improved SNR and detection capabilities.
Conclusions:
- DAS is a promising technology for marine mammal acoustic monitoring, particularly for fin whales.
- Advanced signal processing techniques enhance DAS data quality for bioacoustic applications.
- This study demonstrates the potential of DAS for improved marine mammal detection and conservation efforts.
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