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Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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Fabrication and Characterization of Superconducting Resonators
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Thermal spectrometer for superconducting circuits.

Christoforus Dimas Satrya1, Yu-Cheng Chang2, Aleksandr S Strelnikov2

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, Pico group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland. christoforus.satrya@aalto.fi.

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|May 13, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a simple DC measurement technique using a thermal spectrometer to analyze superconducting circuits. This method accurately determines resonator properties like frequency and quality factor, offering a calibration-free alternative to RF methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Computing and Superconducting Circuits
  • Microwave Physics and Spectroscopy
  • Cryogenic Measurement Techniques

Background:

  • Superconducting circuits are crucial for quantum phenomena research and quantum technologies.
  • Traditional Radio Frequency (RF) measurement schemes are commonly used for circuit readout and characterization.
  • Existing RF methods have limitations in frequency range and calibration requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel DC measurement technique for characterizing superconducting circuits.
  • To investigate the properties of a coplanar waveguide resonator using a thermal spectrometer.
  • To offer a simpler, wider-bandwidth, and potentially calibration-free alternative to RF spectrometers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an on-chip bolometer to absorb a fraction of microwave photons from the resonator.
  • Monitored the temperature rise of the bolometer via its DC signal.
  • Correlated the DC thermometer signal with the resonator's absorption characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Successfully determined the resonance frequency and lineshape (quality factor) of the coplanar waveguide resonator.
  • The DC thermal measurement scheme demonstrated a wide frequency band potential up to 200 GHz.
  • Achieved a frequency-independent reference level for the absorption signal and calibration-free operation in the low power regime.

Conclusions:

  • A simple DC measurement using a thermal spectrometer is a viable method for analyzing superconducting circuits.
  • This technique provides an effective alternative to conventional RF spectrometers, offering broader frequency coverage and simpler operation.
  • The demonstrated method has significant potential for advancing quantum circuit characterization and quantum technology applications.