Modulation Effect of Physical Activity on Sleep Quality and Mental Hyperactivity in Higher-Education Students

Objectives: The present study seeks to analyze the relationships between the intensity of physical activity, mental hyperactivity and sleep quality. A comparative, descriptive and exploratory study was carried out. Methods: A sample of 1907 university students belonging to the degree of Physiotherapy and Physical Activity and Sport Sciences was used. The International Physical Activity and Mental Hyperactivity Questionnaires were used. The scale used was the Pittsburgh sleep quality index. The proposed model analyzes the relationships of physical activity with mental hyperactivity and various sleep-related factors. Results: The following fit indices were evaluated: Chi-Square = 80.242; Degrees of Freedom = 3; Incremental Fit Index = 0.951, Comparative Fit Index = 0.977; Normed Fit Index = 0.946; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.071. The values obtained show the good fit of the theoretical model. Statistically significant differences are observed (p < 0.05) in the causal relationship of mental hyperactivity with the personal assessment of sleep as a function of the intensity of physical activity. A greater effect of light (β = 0.671) compared to moderate- (β = 0.428) or vigorous-intensity (β = 0.343) physical activity in personal sleep assessment is evident. Statistically significant differences were also observed in the causal relationship of mental hyperactivity with the time to fall asleep (p < 0.05). Light physical activity (β = 0.479) has a greater causal relationship with time to fall asleep than moderate- (β = 0.302) or vigorous-intensity (β = 0.413) physical activity. Conclusions: Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the intensity with which physical activity is performed has a modulating effect on sleep quality and mental hyperactivity.