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Prognostic Value of Erythrogram Indicators and C-Reactive Protein Levels in Predicting Outcomes of Patients with

Maria Eduarda Andretta1,2, Matias Nunes Frizzo2,3, Pauline Brendler Goettems-Fiorin2,3

  • 1Department of Biomedicine, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUÍ), Rua do Comércio, 3000-University, Ijuí 98700-000, RS, Brazil.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 14, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Elevated red cell distribution width (RDW) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in COVID-19 patients predict mortality. Higher RDW and CRP indicate a greater risk of unfavorable outcomes in critically ill individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents significant global health challenges, necessitating prognostic biomarkers for critically ill patients.
  • Oxidative stress in COVID-19 contributes to organ impairment and erythrocyte injury, leading to increased red cell distribution width (RDW) and systemic inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prognostic significance of erythrogram parameters and C-reactive protein (CRP) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with COVID-19.
  • To determine if RDW and CRP levels can predict mortality in severe COVID-19 cases.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 91 ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients was analyzed, divided into survivor and non-survivor groups.
  • Descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney test were employed for data analysis.
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the predictive value of RDW for mortality.

Main Results:

  • Non-survivors exhibited significantly higher RDW and lower red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit compared to survivors.
  • Elevated RDW levels were strongly correlated with increased C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations.
  • ROC analysis confirmed RDW as a significant predictor of mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Conclusions:

  • Increased red cell distribution width (RDW) and C-reactive protein (CRP) at admission are reliable indicators of unfavorable outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
  • These hematological and inflammatory markers offer valuable insights for clinical risk assessment and management of severe COVID-19.

Keywords:
C-reactive proteinerythrogram indicatorshematologyred cell distribution

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