A Soft Capacitive Pressure Sensor Based on a Liquid Dielectric Layer

Soft electronic technology has broad application prospects in biomedical and wearable devices, among others, due to its flexibility, lightweight nature, and biocompatibility. Although various materials and structures have been proposed for pressure sensors based on soft electronic technology, most studies focus on a specific function with fixed sensitivity, lacking tunability to expand the operational range. In this work, we demonstrated a low-cost polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based pressure sensor that can be easily fabricated by laser ablation and mature PDMS fabrication technology. We then employed a liquid solution to serve as the dielectric layer of the pressure sensor. By injecting different liquid solutions, the sensitivity of the capacitive pressure sensor can be easily adjusted. A 2.73-fold increase in sensitivity and excellent sensing linearity with a determination coefficient greater than 0.85 were achieved. The pressure sensor was applied to demonstrate material property measurements and Morse code adaptation. We foresee that the adjustable soft capacitive pressure sensor has extensive applications in wearable devices, material metrology, healthcare point-of-care devices, and other fields.