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PD Controller: Design01:26

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In automotive engineering, car suspension systems often employ Proportional Derivative (PD) controllers to enhance performance. PD controllers are utilized to adjust the damping force in response to road conditions. A controller, acting as an amplifier with a constant gain, demonstrates proportional control, with output directly mirroring input.
Designing a continuous-data controller requires selecting and linking components like adders and integrators, which are fundamental in Proportional,...

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The Research on Path Planning Method for Detecting Automotive Steering Knuckles Based on Phased Array Ultrasound

Yihao Mao1,2, Jun Tu1,2, Huizhen Wang1,2

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an ultrasonic phased array method for automatic detection of cracks in automotive steering knuckles. The technique precisely calculates probe angles and optimizes trajectories, improving defect detection accuracy and signal quality.

Keywords:
automotive steering knucklenondestructive testingpath planningultrasonic phased arrayultrasonic point cloud

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Non-destructive Testing
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Automotive steering knuckles present detection challenges due to varying surface normal vectors.
  • Traditional non-destructive testing methods struggle with complex geometries and surface variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an automated detection method for steering knuckle defects using ultrasonic phased array technology.
  • To enhance the accuracy and reliability of crack detection in automotive components.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed a point cloud model using ultrasonic distance measurement.
  • Estimated surface normal vectors via Gaussian-weighted principal component analysis.
  • Calculated precise probe pose information and optimized probe trajectories using piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved relative measurement error within 1.4% for point cloud data.
  • Ensured probe angle calculation error did not exceed 0.5° compared to theoretical values.
  • Improved B-scan image quality and increased defect signal amplitude by 5.6 dB.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed ultrasonic phased array method effectively addresses challenges in automatic steering knuckle inspection.
  • The optimized probe trajectory and precise angle calculations enhance defect detection capabilities.
  • This technology offers a reliable solution for quality control in automotive manufacturing.