Biosafety and Blood Compatibility of Graphene Oxide Particles in In Vitro Experiments.

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Toxicology

Background:

• Graphene oxide (GO) shows promise for biomedical applications.
• Assessing the biosafety and blood compatibility of GO is crucial for clinical trials.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the mutagenic, cytotoxic, and hemocompatibility properties of graphene oxide.
• To determine safe concentration thresholds for GO in biological systems.

Main Methods:

• Ames test for mutagenicity on bacterial strains.
• Cytotoxicity assays on human keratinocytes and melanoma cells.
• Blood compatibility assays including erythrocyte membrane integrity, platelet aggregation, and blood clotting.

Main Results:

• GO exhibited no mutagenic or toxic effects on normal human keratinocytes.
• GO reduced the viability of human melanoma cells.
• Concentrations above 10 μg/mL of GO disrupted erythrocyte membranes and inhibited platelet aggregation.
• GO did not affect blood clotting parameters (aPTT, PT, TT).

Conclusions:

• GO demonstrates a concentration-dependent effect on blood components.
• Safe use of GO in biomedicine requires careful consideration of its concentration and preparation method.
• Further research is needed to optimize GO for safe clinical applications.