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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometry: Overview01:19

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass. One common type of ionization, known as electron ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave behind a...
Mass Spectrometry: Molecular Fragmentation Overview01:20

Mass Spectrometry: Molecular Fragmentation Overview

The ionization of a molecule into a molecular ion inside the mass spectrometer causes instability in the molecule's structure due to the loss of an electron. This eventually leads to the fragmentation or breaking of some bonds in the molecule. The fragmentation occurs predominantly at specific bonds to yield relatively stable fragments.
One type of fragmentation pattern is the cleavage of a single bond in the molecular ion. The cleavage leads to a radical and a cation. The cleavage can occur at...
Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
Mass Spectrometry: Isotope Effect01:13

Mass Spectrometry: Isotope Effect

Most elements exist in nature as a mixture of isotopes. The isotopes differ in weight due to their respective number of neutrons. The molecular weight of a molecule is different depending on the specific isotope of its elements involved. As a result, the mass spectrum of the molecule exhibits peaks from the same fragment at multiple positions. The positions of these mass signals depend on the mass differences between isotopes. Furthermore, the intensity of these signals is dependent on the...
Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...

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Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy on Gold Nanoparticle for Sperm Quality Discrimination.

Yeira P Lopez-Lora1,2, Nataly J Galán-Freyle1, Natally Vidal-Figueroa1,3

  • 1Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Life Science Research Center, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) combined with multivariate analysis offers a new method for assessing sperm quality. This technique accurately distinguishes sperm populations, improving reproductive diagnostics.

Keywords:
PLS-DARamanSERSgold-nanoparticlesmale-factorsperm-quality

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Spectroscopy
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Sperm quality assessment is crucial for reproductive diagnostics.
  • Current methods for sperm analysis can be time-consuming and subjective.
  • Novel techniques are needed to improve the accuracy and efficiency of sperm evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) for distinguishing between different sperm preparation methods.
  • To develop and validate multivariate analysis models for sperm quality assessment using SERS.
  • To explore SERS as a tool for enhancing reproductive diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Spermatozoa were isolated using washing, post-capacitation, and swim-up techniques from 35 semen samples.
  • Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) was employed to analyze the isolated sperm.
  • Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) models were constructed using spectral markers at 408 cm⁻¹ and 728 cm⁻¹.

Main Results:

  • SERS spectra revealed distinct variations related to S-S bonds and DNA alterations.
  • A PLS-DA model successfully differentiated washed sperm from post-capacitation and swim-up samples with 91% accuracy.
  • A second PLS-DA model distinguished between post-capacitation and swim-up samples with 74% accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of SERS and multivariate analysis provides a promising, accurate, and efficient method for sperm quality assessment.
  • This approach can effectively differentiate sperm populations prepared by various methods.
  • SERS offers a potential advancement in the field of reproductive diagnostics.