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Development of Analytical Methods01:21

Development of Analytical Methods

An analytical methodology can be divided into four sequential steps: technique, method, procedure, and protocol. A technique is a scientific principle that rationalizes a specific phenomenon through chemical measurements. Adapting a technique for analyzing a sample of interest is termed a method. The procedure outlines the directions for performing the analysis via an analytical method. The protocol is the detailed guidelines on the procedure, which should be strictly followed to obtain the...

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A Comprehensive Review of Milk Components: Recent Developments on Extraction and Analysis Methods.

Maria Assunta Acquavia1, Antonio Villone1, Roberto Rubino2

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.

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Summary

This review details milk

Keywords:
UV-Visanalytical methodschromatographymacro–micro constituentsmass spectrometrymilk

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Growing recognition of functional and health benefits of milk's macro- and micro-constituents.
  • Need for comprehensive understanding of milk composition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of milk constituents, extraction protocols, and analytical methods.
  • To discuss the principles, strengths, and limitations of these methods.
  • To offer criteria for selecting analytical platforms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on milk constituent analysis over the last ten years.
  • Discussion of traditional methods (e.g., spectrophotometry) and advanced technologies (e.g., mass spectrometry, omics approaches).

Main Results:

  • Comprehensive overview of milk constituents: fats, proteins, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, vitamins, minerals, and polyphenols.
  • Detailed description of extraction protocols and analytical separation/detection methods.
  • Evaluation of method principles, strengths, and limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced analytical methods are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of milk's nutritional and functional components.
  • Selection criteria for analytical platforms are provided to guide research.
  • This review advances milk research by consolidating knowledge on its constituents and analysis.